Platinum Encyclopedia

Platinum is a kind of iron-friendly element and also has obvious sulfur affinity. In addition to forming the elemental mineral 'natural platinumIt also often forms intermetallic compounds with other platinum group elements such as iron, nickel, copper, silver, gold, etc., and with non-metallic sulfur, selenium, tellurium, arsenic, and antimony, bismuth, etc. The composition is simple or platinum Iron-philic element, also has obvious sulphur-philicity. In addition to forming the elemental mineral 'natural platinumIt also often forms intermetallic compounds with other platinum group elements such as iron, nickel, copper, silver, gold, etc. It is simple or complex with non-metallic sulfur, selenium, tellurium, arsenic, and antimony, bismuth, etc. The compound can even form an intermetallic compound with tin, lead, indium, etc. Therefore, there are many minerals involved in platinum in nature. Platinum hardness is 4--4.5, gold is 2.5; platinum density is 21.45g/cm3, gold is 19.32g/cm3; platinum melting point is 1769 degrees Celsius, gold is 1064 degrees Celsius; platinum is chemically stable; it is not mixed with hydrochloric acid or nitric acid at room temperature , Sulfuric acid and organic acids work together, so it is called 'the most corrosion-resistant metalPlatinum has excellent oxidation resistance and good catalytic properties, as well as thermoelectric properties. Platinum can be stretched into a thin wire with a diameter of 0.001 mm and can be hammered into a foil with a thickness of 0.127 microns. Even if 1 gram of platinum is drawn into a filament of 1.6 kilometers long, it will not break. The reserves of platinum in nature are much rarer than gold. According to incomplete statistics, the total reserves of platinum in the world are about 14,000 tons (the total reserves of platinum group element mineral resources are about 31,000 tons), which is only 5% of the gold reserves, and the volume is about 653 cubic meters, that is to say; the global platinum reserves together can only fill a full set of three-bedrooms. 1 ounce of platinum needs to be extracted from dozens of tons of platinum ore for 5 months. Although there are more than 60 countries Platinum mines were found to exist, but platinum, which accounts for 98% of the world's total reserves, is highly concentrated in South Africa and Russia. The most surprising thing is that only a handful of regions in the two countries possess this rare mineral deposit. Among them, Azania, South Africa The platinum deposits in the country are about 12,000 tons. The Telandtuwa platinum deposit is the most famous and the largest platinum deposit in the world; Russia's platinum reserves are 1,866 tons, which have been found in the Ural placer platinum deposits weighing 8--9 The natural platinum in the public hall also obtained 427.5 grams of natural platinum in the primary mine.　　 In addition, the United States, Canada and Colombia also have certain reserves. There are more than 300 tons of platinum reserves in my country, and platinum mines are mainly concentrated in the three provinces of Gansu, Yunnan and Sichuan in the west. Among the three provinces, there are three main deposits, namely Baijiazui in Jinchuan, Gansu, Jinbaoshan in Midu, Yunnan, and Yangliuping, Sichuan. Among them, Baijiazui platinum reserves account for 90% of my country's total reserves. Now, the world's annual output of platinum is only about 90 tons per year, far less than gold, and platinum is more difficult to extract than gold, so its price is more expensive than gold. The annual output of platinum in my country is about 4 tons. Previous: The difference between platinum and K gold Next: Seven characteristics of platinum